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It is difficult to imagine modern heating technology without various mechanisms and devices. Thanks to technological progress, it was possible to equip the solid fuel boilers familiar to us all with additional electromechanical devices. It became possible to regulate the intensity of combustion in automatic mode, improve the technological capabilities of ventilation. A special place in the automation of the main processes is occupied by a fan used to operate a solid fuel boiler. Almost the most important stages in the functioning of the entire heating system are associated with this device.
What is a fan for? Its main features
A solid fuel boiler in the usual view is a heating device, where the main work is carried out by burning fuel. In the presence of draft and natural air flow, the intensity of combustion is weak, respectively, low heat transfer. An example is a fireplace. The natural flow of air does not allow the flame to flare up strongly in the furnace, so this heating device has limited technological capabilities.
It is a completely different matter when the supercharger is turned on. An additional volume of air is pumped into the furnace of the heater. The combustion becomes intense, the fuel burns out completely, giving off the maximum number of kilocalories.
Therefore, for modern models of solid fuel boilers, of almost all types and types, the fan is one of the most important elements of the control system. Usually, the automation kit for heating appliances today includes a blower, a smoke exhauster and a control unit. Proper and correct installation of such devices and devices on boiler equipment will ensure reliable and balanced operation of your unit.
On a note: the combustion process is 90% dependent on the operation of the supercharger. Thanks to the action of this device, air is injected into the combustion chamber, the intensity of combustion increases, and the efficiency of heating equipment increases accordingly.
To date, domestic and foreign industry produces a huge number of household fans (coolers), specially designed for installation on heating appliances. When choosing a blower for your unit, you need to focus on the power of the boiler and your own household needs. The solid fuel unit with fan is a high-tech and efficient heating machine. All processes, from the extraction of flue gases to the best operation of the combustion chamber, depend on the operation of the fans.
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In other words: there are exhaust fans installed in the chimney and blowing devices specially designed to blow air into the furnace of the heater. Typically, an air blower is used when working with difficult-to-ignite fuels. Coke, charcoal or wet wood burns badly at the very beginning. Therefore, for better combustion in this situation, a pressurization device is used. Other types of fuel, such as pellets, briquettes and dry firewood, need constant air blowing. By installing fans on the boiler, you will be able to achieve economical fuel consumption for a solid fuel boiler, and the safety of boiler equipment will increase significantly. There is no more reason to worry about the quality of combustion in the firebox and worry about the operation of the hood.
The device device and types of fans
According to their functional characteristics and parameters, fans are divided into three types, each of which is determined by the design of the engine. The electric motors used for these purposes can operate both from alternating current and from direct current. The advent of electronic equipment created the prerequisites for the active use of AC motors. Unlike DC motors, AC motors are virtually devoid of disadvantages. The simple and unpretentious design of electric motors made it possible to mass-produce a wide variety of electromechanical devices. Most of the fans are equipped with just such electric motors.
Today on the market you can find the following types of fans:
- devices in electro-commutated motors (EC);
- products equipped with synchronous motors;
- blowers with asynchronous motor.
All products have their clear advantages and disadvantages. In the case of an electrically commutated motor, we can talk about one quality. The device itself is able to change the number of revolutions, receiving the appropriate signal from the control unit. Here we can talk about a wide range of fan control. However, the device has a significant drawback — the device is not compatible with most domestic temperature controllers. In addition, this technique is expensive.
Speaking about fans with synchronous electric motors, we can focus on the following: the devices are quite cheap and easy to manufacture. However, this type of equipment has certain disadvantages. Such devices have a minimum torque during the start, and a small range of speed adjustment.
For reference: usually fans with synchronous motors are installed to constantly force air mass into the combustion chamber. The synchronous motors that the devices are equipped with are quite large in size. Usually the supercharger motor is taken out in a separate block. When running at low speeds for synchronous motors, overheating of the winding is frequent.
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As for the speed range, the values \u200b\u200bare not great here. On some models, the range is adjustable within 30-70%, and from 90 to 100%. This feature is characteristic of a synchronous motor. According to experts, it is not recommended to equip domestic solid fuel boilers with fans with synchronous electric motors. Microprocessor temperature controllers are poorly compatible with a device in which the number of revolutions is limited and the power is within a strict framework.
The last, third type of fans used in modern heating systems has a number of advantages. Asynchronous electric motor allows you to easily adjust the number of revolutions. On some models there is even a reverse. The main advantages of such a device are as follows:
- Such fans are simple and easy to use;
- Have a reliable design;
- Conventional control scheme;
- Supported by all currently existing MRI.
The only drawback that is characteristic of asynchronous motors is high starting currents.
Conclusion
Solid fuel boilers, which are now massively equipped with fans, are becoming more automated heating devices. It used to take a lot of patience to endure the roar of the compressor pumping air into the combustion chamber. Today, most boiler houses, large and small, are equipped with low-noise and high-performance devices.
Thanks to the design of the fan (improved aerodynamics of the blades), the performance has increased significantly. The volume of supplied air was doubled by changing the configuration of the blades. Due to the wide range of the number of revolutions, it was possible to achieve good flexibility in the operation of the electromotive group. You can adjust the rotational speed, referring to the slightest temperature changes.
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